notes Equinox

Gen.1:14 And God said, Let there be lights in the firmament of the heaven to divide the day from the night; and let them be for signs, and for seasons, and for days, and years.
Seasons- festivals
(Jer.10:2) These signs relay info yet the heathens have been known to worship the signs themselves rather than the message.
(For more on the Biblical use of the heavens for time click HERE)

1 Thess.5:5 Ye are all the children of light and the children of the day: we are not of the night, nor of darkness.
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The "Jewish calendar" is not spacifically lunar or solar but rather a combination of the two. Enoch's pillar documents 3 ways to calculate a calendar as well. (suggested blogs)

The sun is used to determin years and days (Solar)/ the moon is used to determine months (Lunar). The relation of these two determine seasons on the earth as well as hours of sun and darkness.
(Ps.104:19/ Gen.18:22/ Joel 2:31/...) Eclipses of these are mentioned as a Solar Eclipse -“the sun turns to darkness” /and a Lunar Eclipse- “the moon turns to blood” - Lunar Eclipse.

The bible mentions names of the Hebrew months yet the details of how the biblical calendar works are within the scriptures themselves, of which knowledge is debated within tradtional circles. The purpose of the Hebrew calendar was for set aside days, planting and harvest of crops, and so forth.

The High Priest would start the calendar when he noted the equinox. (There is no mention of a 13th month 1 Kings 7:4) A 13th month was(is) a rabbinical way of calculating a leap year which threw (throws) out the rule of thumb in God's Word.
Example:
Passover is to start on the 1st month of the year (Nisan) 14 days after Spring equinox (new moon).
Lev.23:5 while this verse mentions months/moons it is basically to say that the year beigns with the spring equinox which would carry over to months/moons. Passover does Not insist on using the (new) moon in calulations. We are told to count 14 days from the Spiring equinox. without the rule of thumb traditions look to the moon Instead seeing as Nissan is the first month of The Jewish year and thus some would use the Rosh Codesh (1st sliver of moon/1st of the month/ "new moon") over the Spring equinox (this again would be traditions of man) yet the new moon should match up and yet moons are not percise from year to year. Therefore the only way to perfectly calculate the pricise time is by the equinox.

A Equinox occurs twice a year (Spiring and Fall). This occurs when the sun crosses the equator. The sun rises at a spacific location at these two times every year. Therefore this type knowledge would be used to mark such a date. The seasons are divided into 4 groups of 3 (months). The sun rotates to heating either the northern or southern hemispheres more, it changes at the spring and fall equinox. At this time there are equal hours of day light oand night on that given day.

Gen.3:24 Man was seperated from the garden twords the east. To return he would come from the east. The Tribe of Judah (King line) was placed east of the temple during the times of the tabernacle in the wilderness (Num.2:3). Mashiach was born in the territory of Judah. Christ entered through the east gate to be inspected of blemish prior to the crusifixtion. When Mashiach returns he will do so upon The Mount of Olives to the east and from there go towards the temple mount (Zech.14:4). The wisemen that came to confirm the message within the stars of The King came from the east.
Should we gather that God was capable of astronomically placing the temple and thus the tribes in precise directions? Josh. 4:19 encamped east of Jericho on The First Month. The temple faced the east. Can we gather that YHVH originally set the Temple in such a way as to determine the equinox?
Could the east gate have been a door way to see the rising Sun at the time of the equinox? Many Scholars say Yes!
On the equinox:
"As the sun rises in the east over the Mount of Olives, the sun would be seen in the arch way of the east gate from the door of the Temple or the sun would be viewed over the top of the gate. The High priest could then determine the equinox and the starting of the calendar and seasons for the festivals as the sun would shine through the east gate and light the door of the Temple of God."- Oscar J. Terrazas
Eze.43:1,2 Afterward he brought me to the gate, even the gate that looketh toward the east: 2 And, behold, the glory of the God of Israel came from the way of the east: and his voice was like a noise of many waters: and the earth shined with his glory.
Eze.46:1 Thus saith the Lord GOD; The gate of the inner court that looketh toward the east shall be shut the six working days; but on the sabbath it shall be opened, and in the day of the new moon it shall be opened.
On set aside days the door was to be opened. conformation of these set aside times was done through the observation of the heavens. Some of these depended on new moon/ months (lunar) observances and others solar (days and years). (Today one Hillel is considered the father of the "jewish" and or "Hebrew calender" in rabbinical circles)

The Talmud states: “The Rabbis taught: Anyone seeing the Sun at its turning point should say “Blessed is He who made the Creation”. This is showing obvious attention to the equinox.